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图像处理和图像识别中常用的matlab函数

 
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下面仅给出函数的大概意思,详细用法见: help 函数名 或 matlab help

1、imread:read image from graphics file;
2、imshow:display image in Handle Graphics figure;
3、imwrite:write image to graphics file;
4、rgb2gray:convert RGB image or colormap to grayscale;
5、im2bw:convert image to binary image, based on threshold;
6、exist:check existence of variable, function, directory, or class;
7、size:size of array,用此函数可以获得图像的高和宽;
8、min:smallest elements in array;
9、max:largest elements in array;
10、fprintf:write data to text file;将信息显示到屏幕上或将数据写到指定的文件中;
11、conv2:two dimensional convolution;二维卷积(图像滤波);
12、ones(m, n):create array of all ones;
13、zeros(m, n):create array of all zeros;
14、interp2:2-D data interpolation;二维插值(图像插值),多和meshgrid一起用;
15、meshgrid:generate X and Y arrays for 3-D plots;用于产生网格,将向量区域转换成矩阵;
16、clf:clear current figure window;清除当前的图像,图像窗口仍存在;
17、pause:halt execution temporarily;暂停;
18、figure:create figure graphics object;
19、pinv:Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of matrix;求矩阵的伪逆;
20、hold on:holds the current plot and all axis properties so that subsequent graphingcommands add to the existing graph;
21、hold off:returns to the default mode whereby PLOT commands erase the previousplots and reset all axis properties before drawing new plots;
22、error:display message and abort function;
23、isempty:determine whether array is empty;
24、close:remove specified figure;
25、repmat:replicate and tile an array;
26、find:find indices and values of nonzero elements;
27、cell:construct cell array;
28、atan2: four quadrant inverse tangent;
29、prod:product(乘积) of array elements,对于向量返回的是其所有元素的积、对于矩阵返回的是按列向量的所有元素的积,然后组成 一行向量;
30、abs:absolute value and complex magnitude;
31、disp:Display text or array;
32、clear:remove items from workspace, freeing up system memory;
33、clc:clear command window;
34、delete:delete file or graphics object;
35、diary:save text of MATLAB session(a copy of all subsequent command window input and most of the resulting command window output to be appended to the named file);
36、save:saves all workspace variables to the binary "MAT-file"(disk);
37、rand:uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers;均匀分布的伪随机数;
38、memory:display memory information;
39、pack:consolidate workspace memory;
40、pwd:displays the current working directory;
41、feature('memstats'):可以用来查看内存的使用情况;
42、length:length of vector or largest array dimension;
43、floor:round towards minus infinity;朝负无穷方向靠近最近的整数;
44、ceil:round towards plus infinity;朝正无穷方向靠近最近的整数;
45、round:round towards nearest integer;取最近的整数(相当于四舍五入);
46、fix:round towards zero;取离0最近的整数;
47、norm:matrix or vector norms(范数);
48、mod:modulus after division;求余数;
49、reshape:reshape array;改变指定矩阵的形状,元素个数不变;
50、graythresh:global image threshold using Otsu's method;
51、xor:logical exclusive OR;逻辑异或;
52、imopen:morphologically open image;形态学开运算;
53、imclose:morphologically close image;形态学闭运算;
54、imerode:erode image;图像腐蚀;
55、imdilate:dilate image;图像膨胀;
56、bwlabel:label connected components in 2-D binary image;
57、cpselect:is a graphical user interface that enables you to select control points from two related images;手动在两幅图像中选取配准控制点;它会自动存到两个points 数组里面
58、cp2tform:takes pairs of control points and uses them to infer spatial transformation;图象配准一个求坐标转换参数的函数;能修正6种变形;
59、imcrop:crops an image to a specified rectangle;图像剪切;
60、imresize:resize image;
61、imrotate:rotate image;
62、imtransform:apply 2-D spatial transformation to image;图像空间变换;多与cp2tform或maketform一 起用;
63、maketform:create spatial transformation structure (TFORM);
64、edge:find edges in grayscale image;包括Sobel、Prewitt、Roberts、Laplacian of Gaussian、Zero-cross、Canny;
65、cpcorr:tune control point locations using cross-correlation;采用互相关法协调控制点位置,在图像配准中,对已选定的控制点进行微调;
66、isnan:array elements that are NaN;
67、ischar:determine whether item is character array;
68、strcmp:compare strings;
69、colstyle:parse color and style from string;
70、gcf:get handle to current figure;
71、print:print figure or model; save to disk as image or M-file;
72、warning:display warning message;disable or enable warning messages;
73、nargout:number of function output arguments;
74、nargin:number of function input arguments;
75、any:determine whether any array elements are nonzero;
76、median:median value of array;
77、imfinfo:information about graphics file;
78、filter2:two-dimensional digital filter;在计算filter2时先将卷积核旋转180度,再调用conv2函数进行计算,其实filter2和conv2是等价的;
79、fspecial:create predefined 2-D filters;
80、det:matrix determinant(行列式);
81、trace:sum of diagonal(对角线) elements;矩阵的迹;
82、plot:2-D line plot;用于在指定位置标注;
83、eye:identity matrix(单位矩阵);
84、mean:average or mean value of array;
85、exp:exponential(指数);
86、imagesc:scale data and display as image;
87、all:determine whether all array elements are nonzero or true;
88、sort:sort array elements in ascending or descending order;
89、sparse:create sparse matrix;
90、set:set Handle Graphics object properties;
91、inv:matrix inverse(逆矩阵);
92、drawnow:flush event queue and update figure window;
93、rem:remainder after division(取余数);
94、tril:extract lower triangular part of matrix;
95、nargchk:validate number of input arguments;
96、ordfilt2:2-D order-statistic filtering;
97、im2double:convert image to double precision;
98、pdist:pairwise distance between pairs of objects;
99、version:version number for MATLAB and libraries;
100、nargchk:validate number of input arguments;
101、isa:determine whether input is object of given class(类型,如:char、int8);
102、varargin:variable length input argument list;
103、varargout:variable length output argument list;
104、strcmpi:compare strings ignoring case(忽略大小写);
105、ndims:number of array dimensions;
106、assert:generate an error when a condition is violated;
107、strcmp:compare strings;
108、ordfilt2:2-D order-statistic filtering(类似于形态学灰度图像膨胀);
109、eps:floating-point relative accuracy;
110、randsample:random sample, with or without replacement;
111、feval:execute the specified function;
112、dot:vector dot product(向量点积);
113、cross:vector cross product(向量叉积);
114、svd:singular value decomposition(奇异值分解);
115、numel:number of elements in an array or subscripted array expression;
116、nnz:number of nonzero matrix elements;可以用来计算某矩阵中某元素的个数;
117、wiener2:2-D adaptive noise-removal filtering(二维自适应维纳滤波);
118、medfilt2:2-D median filtering;
119、wavedec2:multilevel 2-D wavelet decomposition;
120、wrcoef2:reconstruct single branch from 2-D wavelet coefficients;
121、wpdencmp:de-noising or compression using wavelet packets;
122、adjust:adjust image intensity values or colormap;
123、movegui:move a figure window to a specified position on the screen;
124、uicontrol:create user interface control;
125、waitforbuttonpress:wait for key/buttonpress over figure;
126、imhist:display histogram of image data;
127、smooth:smooth response data;
128、cputime:returns the CPU time in seconds;
129、bitset:set bit at specified position;设置数的某一位二进制位为1或0;
130、bitget:get bit at specified position;取的数的某一位二进制位(只能是0或1);
131、load:load workspace variables from disk;
132、axis:control axis scaling and appearance;
133、subplot:create axes in tiled positions;
134、uimenu:create user interface menu;
135、eval:execute string with MATLAB expression;
136、segment:segments data and estimate models for each segment(分割字符);
137、strcat:concatenate strings horizontally;
138、num2str:convert numbers to string;
139、diff:difference and approximate derivative(导数);
140、imcomplement:complement image(图像反色处理);
141、bwmorph:morphological operations on binary image(二值图像形态学运算);
142、strel:create morphological structuring element;
143、regionprops:measure properties of image regions;
144、rectangle:create rectangle, rounded-rectangle, or ellipse;
145、text:create text object in current axes;
146、radon:radon transform(用于检测图像中的线);
147、ind2sub:multiple subscripts from linear index(把数组的单索引值(按列进行排列)转化相应的下标值(行列值));
148、uigetfile:open standard dialog box for retrieving files;
149、im2col:rearrange image blocks into columns(按列重新排列图像块);
150、sim:simulate dynamic system(仿真动态系统,如仿真神经网络);
151、newff:create feed-forward backpropagation network(生成一个BP网络);
152、imadjust:adjust image intensity values or colormap;
153、stretchlim:find limits to contrast stretch an image(获得图像对比度拉伸范围);
154、input:request user input;
155、mse:mean squared normalized error performance function(可用来计算神经网络的均方误差);
156、legend:graph legend for lines and patches(图例的线条和patches);
157、init:initialize neural network(初始化一个神经网络);
158、train:train neural network(训练一个神经网络);
159、dir:folder listing(列举当前文件夹里(或指定文件夹)所有的文件与文件夹);

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